An alternative to using a metal alloy for the supporting substructure, is to use an all ceramic base. Shown in this section are: pressable ceramics, refractory Dies and models, and veneers. See also CAD/CAM.
When using a ceramic substructure, light is able to enter its porcelain matrix, and it scatters within it. This creates an aesthetic result resembling that of a natural tooth. This differs from metal substructures in that we do not need to cover up a metal frame first with a masking material, prior to applying the overlaying porcelain layers.
Some other benefits that can be derived from using all porcelain materials are: The way in which the restoration is adhered to the supporting tooth, and in clinical areas, the way in which the natural tooth structure is utilised, in preparation for a restoration.
A ceramic ingot is pressed in a special 'press' furnace at high temperature (1075°C or 1150°C) which injects the ceramic material into the voids in the investment mould.
Veneers are a thin overlay of coloured ceramic material, which can be used to improve the cosmetic appearance of irregular, discoloured, or unsightly teeth.
